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Here’s everything we think you should know.
UPS Stands for Uninterrupted Power Supply. Basically, used for supplying continuous (uninterrupted) power for sophisticated electronic or electrical devices. As abrupt power failure or inappropriate power conditions may affect electronic or electrical devices, UPS prevents damages which may be caused, also enables us to run devices during power cut or power failure.
UPS is used for soft loads such as Computers, Laptops, Modem, Servers, Routers, electronic weighing machines, medical equipment’s & SMPS to prevent from abrupt shut down because of power failure or inappropriate power conditions. As UPS has lesser switch over time from mains to Battery mode, devices connected to UPS will not reboot / will not shutdown. UPS will have small mains input window. Also, UPS will not support all inductive devices such as fans, motors, etc. to function in normal mode.
Inverter is basically used for heavy / hard loads, where more of inductive loads as well heating / resistive loads such as motors, ovens, Pumps is involved. In inverters switchover time from mains mode to battery mode will more compared to an UPS & also usually an Inverter will have wide mains input window.
Home UPS is combination of few features of an Inverter & few of UPS. It supports both soft loads as well hard loads to some extent. Also, a Home UPS has lesser switchover time which enables PC to run during power interruption. Most of H-UPS will have a switch to toggle between UPS mode & Inverter mode. Home UPS is also known as H-UPS.
Broad classification of UPS depending upon its functionality is as below
Broad classification of UPS depending upon Internal Design is as below
Depending upon output wave form of UPS it is classified as below
Online UPS will have mains to output isolation with double conversion. Online UPS are used for critical applications. It serves as power backup device as well protection system for connected load from any surges, spikes, variations in frequency & voltage in mains input. Primary criteria is to safety of device along with backup to devices.
In offline UPS power from battery will be supplied to load only during power interruption & mains will be passed on to load in normal conditions. Used for home or small offices. It serves as only power backup device during power outage / inappropriate power conditions. Primary criteria is power backup to devices & next is safety of devices.
LI UPS is an offline UPS with built in Automatic Voltage Regulation unit. Used for PCs, work stations or devices in less critical applications. It provides a steady voltage to some extent by either boosting (stepping up) or bucking (stepping down) the mains voltage when it varies with in specified range or limit.
PC UPS is kind of Line Interactive UPS with built in battery pack to give minimal backup for PCs & similar devices.
As power supplied from GRID / Mains is pure sine wave, it is desirable that output of H-UPS during power outage or inappropriate power conditions is also of same kind (i.e. pure sine wave form). If the output of H-UPS is not pure sine wave, some of the inductive devices such as fan, tube-light with wire wound chokes, may start making humming noise during its operation on backup device. Also, may have adverse effect on life of the sensitive devices such as LCD / Plasma TVs, Music systems, set top boxes, Adaptors, Chargers, Etc.
No, PC will not reboot if UPS is offline kind. (May reboot if switchover time is more, or H-UPS is in inverter mode, or may be due to problem with SMPS of PC)
No, PC will not reboot if ups is quasi sine wave type. (May reboot if switchover time is more, or H-UPS is in inverter mode, or may be due to problem with SMPS of PC)
Load acceptance of a UPS/Inverter depends upon capacity or rating of the same, it is measured in VA (Volt Amperes) & Backup time for a given load depends upon capacity, quantity & age of batteries, capacity of battery is measured in AH (Ampere Hour)
| Type of batteries | Short form | Applications |
|---|---|---|
| Lead Acid | LA Batteries | Automobiles, UPS/Inverters/ H-UPS, Emergency Lights, Solar Lightings, Electric Vehicles |
| Lithium Ion | Li-Ion Batteries | Cell Phones, Cameras, Toys, Laptops, Portable Multimedia Devices, Electric Vehicles |
| Nickel Cadmium | Ni-Cad Batteries | Cell Phones, Cameras, Toys, Torches, Clocks, Remote controls, Backup systems, etc |
| Nickel Metal Hydrate | Ni-MH Batteries | Cell Phones, Cameras, Toys, Laptops, Etc |
Battery Tray, Battery Trolley, Battery Stand, Battery Equalizers, Battery Chargers
Yes, some range of PC UPS, LI UPS& Online UPS comes with built-in battery packs. They will make use of SMF or VRLA or Lithium Batteries as they do not require any periodical maintenance & are designed to give minimal backup.
A Trolley which has one compartment & accommodates one battery & UPS of normal size within it is called as single trolley. A Trolley which has two compartments one upon one or Side by Side & accommodates two numbers of batteries & one UPS of normal size is called double trolley.
Capacity of UPS / Inverters/ H-UPS/ Stabilizers/ CVTs are measured in VA (Volt Amperes) (KVA means Kilo Volt Amperes, i.e. 1000 VA) Capacity of Batteries are measured in AH (Ampere Hours)
Flooded Lead Acid Batteries / Flat plate Batteries/ Tubular Batteries / Semi Tubular Batteries or all wet kind of batteries require periodical maintenance. That includes toping up of distilled water to each cell (if required), ensuring proper connectivity to UPS / Inverter / device, cleaning & greasing of battery terminals, cleaning top surface of battery, etc. Periodical maintenance of batteries helps in enhancing life of battery as well helps in smoother trouble-free operation of the battery & device connected to battery throughout its life cycle. Also it enhances the life of the battery
There are multiple parameters on which backup of systems depends & few are listed below.
Tubular Battery: This is a wet type of Lead acid battery & requires periodical maintenance. It will have set of Tubular positive plates & thick flat negative plates made out of lead oxide inside each cell. Each cell will be containing electrolyte which is 70% water & 30% Sulphuric acid for chemical reaction. As Tubular plates are thicker, comparatively tubular batteries will be bulky & will last for quiet long period.
Inverter batteries: These batteries are also wet type & require periodical maintenance. It will have set of flat positive plates & negative plates made out of lead oxide inside each cell. Each cell will be containing electrolyte which is 70% water & 30% Sulphuric acid for chemical reaction. As inverter battery plates are flat, batteries will be of optimum weight / size & will have optimum life.
SMF Battery: SMF stands for “Sealed Maintenance Free”. As name indicates SMF Batteries are sealed batteries, where in it does not require any periodical maintenance unlike wet batteries. It will have flat positive & negative plates made out of lead oxide inside each cell. Each cell will be containing electrolyte in the form of gel for chemical reaction. Also, these batteries are known as VRLA batteries (Valve Regulated Lead Acid Batteries)
Yes, it’s possible. (Toggle switch should be in UPS mode to prevent rebooting of PC during power failure or power fluctuation)
Not recommended, because it will not be capable of supporting inductive loads such as fans & others. It can power up only soft loads such as CFLs, Laptops, Chargers, PC, modem, printers etc.
Yes, backup is inversely proportional to load. As load increases backup decreases & as load decreases backup increases.
It depends on different parameters such as capacity of battery (how many AH), what percentage of battery has been discharged, which kind of battery is used & charging section of UPS. On an average it ranges from 8-10 hours.
It is directly proportional to duration of power cut & also Power usage during the power cut time.
This depends upon capacity of UPS you are planning to procure. Usually TVs, PCs, Laptops, modems, Music systems, Tube lights, fans, exhaust fan, Chargers, Mixer Grinder, wet grinder, Water purifier, CFLs, CCTV cameras with DVR are intended to use on Home UPS. Also, we can make refrigerator, Air Conditioner, Hair dryer, Chimney, Rice Cooker, Coffee maker, Water heater, Water pump & other high power consumption devices to run on Inverters which would require dedicated high capacity inverter / UPS & suitable battery bank.
If PC is with TFT / LCD type of monitor (up to 32”) along with office-jet / inkjet printer, modem, speaker can run in 600VA UPS. (1000VA or higher capacity UPS is required to run Laser Jet printer)
Yes, Line Interactive UPS & Online UPS can be used as Protection system for sophisticated devices. LI UPS protects from only voltage fluctuations as well from abrupt shutdown & Online UPS protects devices from Voltage fluctuations, surges, spikes, frequency variations as well from abrupt shutdown.